How does racism in Canadian post-secondary education impact student success and outcomes?
Summary of a critical annotated bibliography
October 8, 2019
With the massification of higher education in Canada, efforts have been made to increase the diversity of student enrollment and to facilitate the access of historically underrepresented groups, such as visible minorities, Indigenous students, and students with disabilities. Although Canada is often considered to be a welcoming and inclusive nation, challenges exist for racialized students regarding their access to post-secondary education, experiences within educational institutions and access to quality employment opportunities. A review of 15 articles has generated the following themes:
· Celebrating diversity is considered foundational to Canadian identity. Bernard & Smith (2018) name that multiculturalism and recognition of our differences is part of our national identity; however, in reality this is not universally regarded. Zinga & Gordon (2016), for example, found that Northern Ontario high school students lacked awareness and appreciation of Indigenous culture, despite the reality of their racially diverse community.
· Stereotype threat. Racialized students may experience pressure to succeed as their performance may be…
